December 11, 2015

CPBs short-term forecasts December 2015

Stable economic growth in a turbulent world

Press release
Economic growth is projected to increase to 2.1%. This growth will be carried by increasing household consumption and investments, and rising export levels. The restrictions on natural gas production in Groningen are projected to slow down growth by 0.2%.

World trade will increase by 4.3%, although there are large uncertainties about international developments. These are the predictions by CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis in their December Projections for 2015 and 2016, published today.

Go straight to the data.

Developments in the world are in motion. The flow of refugees and the threat of terrorism are having a great impact on society. For 2016, however, the economic effects are expected to be limited: population growth will be 0.3% and the government deficit will increase by 0.1%. Strong fluctuations in oil prices and exchange rates as well as on the stock market will have a greater impact on economic growth. The increase in world trade in 2015 has been volatile. For 2016, a moderate growth of 4.3% is projected for relevant world trade.

Consumption is expected to increase next year by over 2%, and savings by households will stabilise. Disposable incomes will increase due to higher wages under low inflation and increased employment, and because of a reduction of 5 billion euros in the financial burden which has been included in these projections. The increase in health care premiums will moderate purchasing power. Investments will increase, as a response to favourable economic developments and increases in profitability. Export levels are growing because of a further lowering of the euro’s exchange rate and the growth in world trade, while natural gas exports are declining. The market sector particularly benefits from a growing demand, with a production increase of 2.7%.

Although employment will increase, the decrease in unemployment will be limited in 2016, as there also will be a strong increase in labour supply. Companies will attract more personnel – and hold on to more people to be able to meet the rising demand. Government employment will see a slight growth, while employment in health care is expected to decline, slightly. Labour supply will increase as a result of demographic factors, policy incentives (including the 5-billion-euro package of measures) and a return to the labour market of the previously discouraged.

The EMU deficit will decrease, from 2.2% in 2015 to 1.8% in 2016, due to economic growth and the spending cuts introduced under the Rutte–Asscher Government Agreement. The reduced revenues from natural gas sales and the reduction in the financial burden through the 5-billion-euro package of measures, together, will dampen the reduction in deficit. The structural deficit will increase from 1.3% of GDP in 2015 to 1.9% in 2016, particularly due to lower revenues from natural gas sales. The government debt is projected to decrease to 65% of GDP.

Main conclusions

Read the accompanying press release.

Fan Charts

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Table 'Main economic indicators', 2013-2016

International items
  2013 2014 2015 2016
Relevant world trade volume
goods and services (%)

2.2

3.9

3.3

4.3

Export price competitors
(goods and services,
non-commodities, %)

-3.2

-1.3

5.7

0.7

Crude oil price
(dollar per barrel)

108.7

99.0

53.2

50.3

Exchange rate
(dollar per euro)

1.33

1.33

1.11

1.07

Long-term interest rate the
Netherlands (level in %)

2.0

1.5

0.7

0.8

GDP and demand (volume)
  2013 2014 2015 2016
Gross domestic product
(GDP, economic growth, %)

-0.5

1.0

2.0

2.1

Consumption households (%)

-1.4

0.0

1.7

2.2

Consumption general
government (%)

0.1

0.3

-0.2

1.4

Capital formation including
changes in stock (%)

-5.3

2.7

7.1

6.8

Exports of goods and
services (%)

2.1

4.0

4.7

4.4

Imports of goods and
services (%)

0.9

4.0

5.4

5.9

Prices, wages and purchasing power
  2013 2014 2015 2016
Price gross domestic product (%)

1.4

0.8

0.7

1.3

Export price goods and
services (non-energy, %)

0.5

-0.7

1.4

0.5

Import price goods (%)

-1.6

-3.1

-4.5

-1.2

Inflation, harmonised index
of consumer prices (hicp, %)

2.6

0.3

0.3

0.9

Contractual wages
market sector (%)

1.2

1.0

1.2

1.6

Purchasing power, static,
median all households (%)

-1.3

1.4

0.9

1.8

Labour market
  2013 2014 2015 2016
Labour force (%)

0.8

-0.4

0.5

0.8

Active labour force (%)

-0.8

-0.6

1.1

1.1

Unemployment
(in thousands of persons)

647

660

615

600

Unemployed rate
(% of the labour force)

7.3

7.4

6.9

6.7

Market sector
  2013 2014 2015 2016
Production (%)

-1.2

1.9

2.8

2.7

Labour productivity
(labour years, %)

-0.2

1.8

1.6

1.4

Employment (labour years, %)

-1.0

0.1

1.2

1.3

Compensation per employee (%)

1.7

1.9

0.6

2.6

Labour share in enterprise
income (level in %)

79.6

79.2

76.6

76.7

Other items
  2013 2014 2015 2016
Private savings (% of
disposable household income)

-0.4

0.8

0.9

1.0

Current-account balance
(level in % GDP)

11.0

10.6

10.9

10.8

Public sector
  2013 2014 2015 2016
General government financial
balance (% GDP)

-2.4

-2.4

-2.2

-1.8

Gross debt general
government (% GDP)

67.9

68.2

66.6

65.4

Taxes and social security
contributions (% GDP)

36.6

37.5

37.0

37.0

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Economic growth in the Netherlands, 2008-2016

This chart depicts the growth of the Dutch economy in the Netherlands from 2008 - 2016.

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