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Dutch SMEs are obtaining bank loans less often than SMEs elsewhere in the eurozone. →

This background document is associated to the CPB Policy brief on Dutch SME-bank financing in a European perspective. It explains in detail what we do in a microsimulation model that is described in a textframe on... →

We discuss existing measures of banking competition along with their advantages and disadvantages. For the Panzar and Rosse H-statistic,we further investigate the robustness of its estimates. →

This publication discusses the need for an EMU banking union and describes three possible transition scenarios. This is a translation of chapter 4 of the Dutch publication. →

In this paper we investigate whether the targeted longer-term refinancing operations (TLTRO) and the asset purchase program (APP) led to lower interest rates on new corporate credit, and whether the signalling channel and the capital relief channel played any role in the transmission of these ECB policies. →